Formula fed babies have a higher risk of developing certain childhood cancers
• http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/10/26_breastfeeding.shtml
• Shu X-O, et al. “Breastfeeding and the risk of childhood acute leukemia”. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999; 91: 1765-72
• Infant Feeding and Childhood Cancer The Lancet, Volume 332, Issue 8607, Pages 365-368
• “An Exploratory Study of Environmental and Medical Factors Potentially Related to Childhood Cancer.” Medical & Pediatric Oncology, 1991; 19(2):115-21

Formula increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
• Horn, RS et al “Comparison of evoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants.” 2004 Arch Dis Child.; 89(1):22-25
• Alm et al, “Breastfeeding and the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Scandanavia.” June 2002 Arch of Dis in Child. 86: 400-402.
• McVea, KL et al “The role of breastfeeding in sudden infant death syndrome.” J Hum Lact. 2000;16:13-20
• Fredrickson, DD et al., “Relationship between Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Breastfeeding Intensity and Duration.” Am. Journal of Diseases in Children, 1993: 147:460
• Ford RPK, et al .”Breastfeeding and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.” International Journal of Diseases in Children, 1993, 22(5):885-890
• Taylor BJ, Mitchell EA, et al. “Breastfeeding and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Int J. Epidemiol. 1993;22:885-890
• Scragg LK, Mitchell EA, Tonkin SL, et al. “Evaluation of the cot death prevention programme in South Auckland.” NZ Med J. 1993;106:8-10
• http://www.fsid.org.uk/breastfeeding-news.html

Not breastfeeding increases risks of likelihood of gross and fine motor delay
PEDIATRICS Vol. 118 No. 3 September 2006, pp. e682-e689 (doi:10.1542/peds.2005-3141)

Formula feeding increases baby girls’ risk of developing breast cancer in later life
• Freudenheim, J. et al. 1994 “Exposure to breast milk in infancy and the risk of breast cancer”. Epidemiology 5:324-331

Not breastfeeding increases mother’s risk of breast cancer
• Newcomb PA et al. (1994). Lactation and a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer. New Engl J Med 330: 81-87
• Jernstorm, H et al “Breast-feeding and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.” J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:1094-1098
• Lee, SY et al “Effect of lifetime lactation on breast cancer risk: a Korean women’s cohort study.” Int J Cancer. 2003;105:390-393
• Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (2002). “Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 47 epidemiological studies in 30 countries, including 50,302 women with breast cancer and 96,973 women without the disease.” Lancet 360: 187-95
• Zheng et al, “Lactation Reduces Breast Cancer Risk in Shandong Province, China” Am. J. Epidemiol. Dec. 2000, 152 (12): 1129
• Newcomb PA, Storer BE, Longnecker MP, et al. “Lactation and a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer.” N Engl J Med. 1994;330:81-87
• Alison M. Stuebe, MD, MSc, of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Archives of Internal Medicine. …

Baby’s suckling helps shrink mother’s uterus after childbirth
• The Complete Book Of Breastfeeding M.S. Eiger. MD, S. Wendkos Olds, Copyright 1999, Workman Publishing Co., Inc., 708 Broadway, New York, NY 10003

Bottles that contain Bisphenol A may leach into milk
• http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/investigation-scandal-of-danger-chemical-in-baby-bottles-1931628.html

Formula is less digestible than Breastmilk
• The Complete Book Of Breastfeeding M.S. Eiger. MD, S. Wendkos Olds, Copyright 1999, Workman Publishing Co., Inc., 708 Broadway, New York, NY 10003
• Protein – too much of a good thing? http://www.sugar-bureau.co.uk/ca_protein.pdf (full references in article)

Formula Feeding is associated with lower I.Q
• HMortensen EL et al (2002). “The association between duration of breastfeeding and adult intelligence” JAMA 287: 2365-71
• Anderson JW et al (1999) “Breastfeeding and cognitive development: a meta-analysis” Am J Clin Nutr 70: 525-35
• Horwood and Fergusson, “Breastfeeding and Later Cognitive and Academic Outcomes” Jan 1998 Pediatrics Vol. 101, No. 1
• Lucas A., “Breast Milk and Subsequent Intelligence Quotient in Children Born Preterm”. Lancet 1992;339:261-62
• Wang YS, Wu SY. “The effect of exclusive breastfeeding on development and incidence of infection in infants.” J Hum Lactation. 1996; 12:27-30

Breast milk is always ready and does not need strict prep guidelines
• http://www.babymilkaction.org/press/press4jan06.html
• Presence of soil-dwelling clostridia in commercial powdered infant formulas. J Pediatr. 2010 Mar;156(3):402-8. Epub 2009 Dec 9.
• Infant botulism and sudden infant death syndrome. BARTRAM U, SINGER D. Klin Padiatr 2004;216(1):26-30.
• ww.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_084165.pdf

Breast milk helps pass meconium
• Koutras, A.K., “Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A in Breast Milk vs. Formula Feeding in Early Infancy”. J. Ped Gastro Nutr 1989.

Breastfeeding satisfies baby’s emotional needs and increases bonding between mother and baby
• Uvnas-Moberg, Eriksson: “Breastfeeding: physiological, endocrine and behavioral adaptations caused by oxytocin and local neurogenic activity in the nipple and mammary gland.” Acta Paediatrica, 1996 May, 85(5):525-30

Not breastfeeding increases mother’s risk of developing ovarian cancer
• Hartage et al, “Rates and risks of ovarian cancer in subgroups of white women in the United States.” Obstet Gynecol 1994 Nov; 84(5): 760-764
• Rosenblatt KA, Thomas DB, “Lactation and the risk of Epithelial ovarian cancer”. Int J Epidemiol. 1993;22:192-197
• Gwinn ML, “Pregnancy, breastfeeding and oral contraceptives and the risk of Epithelial ovarian cancer.” J. Clin. Epidemiol. 1990; 43:559-568

Nursing helps mom lose weight after baby is born
• DC.A. Lovelady et al “The effect of weight loss in overweight lactating women on the growth of their infants.” New Eng Journal of Med, 2000; 342: 449-453
• Kramer, F., “Breastfeeding reduces maternal lower body fat.” J. Am Diet Assoc 1993; 93(4):429-33
• Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommwen LA. “Maternal weight-loss patterns during prolonged lactation. “Am J Clin Nutr 1993;58:162-166

Pre-term milk is specially designed for premature infants
• Hamosh, Margit, PhD, Georgetown University Medical Center “Breast-feeding: Unraveling the Mysteries of Mother’s Milk”.
• Beneficial Effects of Breast Milk in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on the Developmental Outcome of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants at 18 Months of Age
• Betty R. Vohr, Brenda B. Poindexter, Anna M. Dusick, Leslie T. McKinley, Linda L. Wright, John C. Langer, W. Kenneth Poole for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network
• Pediatrics 2006; 118: e115-e123.
• Altman M, Vanpee M, Cnattingius S et al (2009) Moderately preterm infants and determinants of length of hospital stay. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed; 94: F414-F418
• Renfrew M, Craig D, Dyson L et al (2009) Breastfeeding promotion for infants in neonatal units: a systematic review and economic analysis. Health Technol Assess 13(40).

The World Health Organization and UNICEF recommend it
• “Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding”, World Health Organization in collaboration with UNICEF

Breastfeeding protects against Crohn’s disease (intestinal disorder)
• Rigas A, Rigas B, Blassman M, et al. “Breast-feeding and maternal smoking in the etiology of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in childhood.” Ann Epidemiol. 1993;3387-392
• Koletzko S, Sherman P, Corey M, et al. “Role of infant feeding practices in development of Crohn’s disease in childhood.” Br Med J. 1989;298:1617-1618
• Klement E et al (2004). Breastfeeding and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 80: 1342-52.

Formula feeding increases risk of children developing diabetes
• Young, T.K. et al. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002; 156(7): 651-55
• Gerstein HC. “Cow’s milk exposure and type 1 diabetes mellitus”. Diabetes Care. 1994;17:13-19
• Virtanen et al: “Diet, Cow’s milk protein antibodies and the risk of IDDM in Finnish children.” Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. Diabetologia, Apr 1994, 37(4):381-7
• Virtanen SM, Rasanen L, Aro A, et al. “Infant feeding in Finnish children <7 yr of age with newly diagnosed IDDM” Diabetes Care, 1991;14:415-417

Breastfeeding baby helps decrease insulin requirements in diabetic mothers
• Davies, H.A., “Insulin Requirements of Diabetic Women who Breast Feed.” British Medical Journal, 1989

Breastfeeding may help stabilize progress of maternal endometriosis
• Annie Havard, “Breastfeeding - a cure for endometriosis”, Allaiter ajourd’hui, Quarterly Bulletin of LLL France, No. 25, Oct. - Dec. 1995

Not breastfeeding increases risk of post-partum hemorrhage in mother
• Chua S, et al. “Influence of breastfeeding and nipple stimulation on postpartum uterine activity.” Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1994; 101:804-805

Not breastfeeding increases mother’s risk of developing endometrial cancer
• Rosenblatt, KA et al “Prolonged lactation and endometrial cancer” Int. J. Epidemiol. 1995; 24:499-503
• Salazar-Martinez E, et al. Reproductive factors of ovarian and endometrial cancer risk in a high fertility population in Mexico. Cancer Res 1999Aug1;59(5):3658-62.
• Newcomb PA, Trentham-Dietz A. Breast feeding practices in relation to endometrial cancer risk, USA. Cancer Causes Control 2000 Aug;11(7):663-7
Not breastfeeding increases mother’s risk of developing Ovarian Cancer
• Whittemore, A., et al., Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: Collaborative analysis of 12 US case-control studies. American Journal of Epidemiology, 1992. 136 (10): p. 1184-1203.
• Riman, T., et al., Risk factors for invasive epithelial ovarian cancer: results from a Swedish case-control study. Am J Epidemiol, 2002. 156(4): p. 363-73.
• Siskind, V., et al., Breastfeeding, menopause, and epithelial ovarian cancer. Epidemiology, 1997. 8(2): p. 188-91.
• Danforth, K.N., et al., Breastfeeding and risk of ovarian cancer in two prospective cohorts. Cancer Causes Control, 2007. 18(5): p. 517-23.

Formula feeding increases chances of baby developing allergies
• Wiggins, PK , Dettwyler, KA” Breastfeeding: A Mother’s Gift”, July 1, 1998 ed., Chapter 1, L.A. Publishing Co.
• Saarinen UM, Kajossari M. “Breastfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old.” Lancet. 1995;346:1065-1069

Breast milk lowers risk of baby developing asthma
• Oddy W.H., et al BMJ 1999;319:815-819

Formula feeding increases baby’s risk of otitis media (ear infections)
• Alho, O., “Risk Factors for Recurrent Acute Otitis Media and Respiratory Infection in Infancy”. INT J PED OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 1990; 19:151-61
• Aniansson G, Alm B, Andersson B, et al. “A prospective cohort study on breast-feeding and otitis media in Swedish infants”. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1994; 13:183-188
• Duncan, B et al “Exclusive breastfeeding for at least four months protects against Otitis Media”, Pediatrics 91(1993): 897-872

Breastfeeding protects baby against diarroheal infections
• Betran et al; “Ecological Study of effect of breastfeeding on infant mortality in Latin America.” Br Med J 2001; 323:1-5
• Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen-Rivers LA. “Differences in morbidity between breast-fed and formula-fed infants.” Pediatr. 1995;126:696-702
• Beaudry M, Dufour R, Marcoux S. “Relation Between infant feeding and infections during the first six months of life.” J Pediatr. 1995; 126:191-197
• Howie PW, Forsyth JS, Ogston SA, et al. “Protective effect of breast feeding against infection.” Br Med J. 1990;300:11-16

Breastfeeding protects baby against bacterial meningitis
• Cochi SL, Fleming DW, Hightower AW, et al. “Primary invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease: a population-based assessment of risk factors.” J Pediatr. 1986;108:997-896
• Istre GR, Conner JS, Broome CV, et al. “Risk factors for primary invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease: increased risk from day care attendance and school-aged household members.” J Pediatr. 1985;106:190-198

Breastfeeding protects baby against respiratory infections
• PEDIATRICS Vol. 117 No. 2 February 2006, pp. 425-432 (doi:10.1542/peds.2004-2283)
• Full Breastfeeding Duration and Associated Decrease in Respiratory Tract Infection in US Children. Caroline J. Chantry, MDa, Cynthia R. Howard, MD, MPHb and Peggy Auinger, MSb,c
• Oddy, WH et al “Breast feeding and respiratory morbidity in infancy: a birth cohort study” Archives of Disease in Childhood 2003;88:224-228
• Galton Bachrach et al (2003) Breastfeeding and the Risk of Hospitalization for Respiratory Disease in Infancy” Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157:237-243
• Grover M et al “Effect of human milk prostaglandins and lactoferrin on respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus” Acta Paediatr. 1997; 86: 315-316
• Cunningham, Allan S. MD “Breastfeeding, Bottle-feeding and Illness - An Annotated Bibliography”, 1996.
• Wright AL, Holberg CH, Taussig LM, et al. “Relationship of infant feeding to recurrent wheezing at age 6 years.” Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149:758-763
• Piscane A, et al “Breastfeeding and acute lower respiratory infections” Acta Paediatr. 1994; 83: 714-718

Formula feeding increases chances of developing rheumatoid arthritis
• Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:526-530 doi:10.1136/ard.2007.084707
• Jacobsson LTH et al “Perinatal Characteristics and risk of rheumatoid arthritis” BMJ 2003; 326: 1068-1069
• “Mother’s Milk: An Ounce of Prevention?” Arthritis Today May-June 1994

Breastfeeding protects baby against some vision defects
• Bloem, M. et al. “The role of universal distribution of vitamin A capsules in combating vitamin A deficiency in Bangladesh.: Am J Epidemiol 1995; 142(8): 843-55
• Birch E, et al. “Breastfeeding and optimal visual development.” J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1993;30:33-8

Not breastfeeding increases chances of Osteoporosis
• Kalwart HJ and Specker BL “Bone mineral loss during lactation and recovery after weaning.” Obstet. Gynecol. 1995; 86:26-32
• Blaauw, R. et al. “Risk factors for development of osteoporosis in a South African population.” SAMJ 1994; 84:328-32
• Melton LJ, Bryant SC, Wahner HW, et al. “Influence of breastfeeding and other reproductive factors on bone mass later in life.” Osteoporos Int. 1993;22:684-691
• Cumming RG, Klineberg RJ. “Breastfeeding and other reproductive factors and the risk of hip fractures in elderly woman.” Int J Epidemiol 1993;22:684-691

Formula hinders intestinal development
• “http://www.promom.org/bf_info/sci_am.htm “>Newman, J, MD, FRCPC “How Breast milk Protects Newborns”
• Shulman et al “Early feeding, feeding tolerance and lactase activity in preterm infants.” J Pediatr 1998; 133:645-649
• Catassi et al “Intestinal permeability changes coloring the first month; effect of natural versus artificial feeding.” J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995; 21: 383-386

Formula-fed babies are more at risk for obesity in later life
• Epidemiology. 17(1):112-114, January 2006
• Armstrong, J et al, “Breastfeeding and lowering the risk of childhood obesity.” Lancet 2002, 349: 2003-4
• Toschke, A.M. et al, “Overweight and obesity in 6 to 14-year-old Czech children in 1991: protective effect of breast-feeding”, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2002 Dec; 141(6):764-9
• von Kries, R et al, “Breastfeeding and obesity: cross sectional study.” BMJ 1999; 319:147-150 (July 17)

Bottle fed infants have more chance of pulmonary distress whilst feeding.
• Koenig HS, Davies Am, Thach BT. “Coordination of breathing, sucking and swallowing during bottle feedings in human infants.” J Appl Physiol 69: 1629: 1623-1629, 1990.
• Matthew O, Clark ML, Ponske MH. Apnea, bradycardia, and cyanosis during oral feeding in term neonates.” J Pediatr 106:857, 1985

Non breastfed infants have more chance of developing ulcerative colitis
• Rigas A, Rigas B, Blassman M, et al. “Breast-feeding and maternal smoking in the etiology of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in childhood.” Ann Epidemiol. 1993;3387-392

Breast milk protects against hemophilus b. bacteria
• Silfverdal et al, “Protective effects of breastfeeding: an ecological study of haemophilus influenzae (HI) meningitis and breastfeeding in a Swedish population.” Int J Epidem 1999; 28:152-6
• Cochi SL, Fleming DW, Hightower AW, et al. “Primary invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease: a population-based assessment of risk factors.” J Pediatr. 1986;108:997-896
• Istre GR, Conner JS, Broome CV, et al. “Risk factors for primary invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease: increased risk from day care attendance and school-aged household members.” J Pediatr. 1985;106:190-198

Breastfed babies require shorter pre- and post-surgical fasting
• Schreiner, M.S. “Preoperative and Postoperative fasting in children.” Ped Clinics N Amer 41 (1); 111-20 (1994)

Breastfeeding results in less sick days for parents
• (Kaiser Permanente: Internal research to determine benefits of sponsoring an official lactation program - 1995)

Breastfed infants showed better serum and secretory responses to oral and parenteral vaccines than those formula-fed
• Han-Zoric, M., “Antibody responses to parenteral and oral vaccines are impaired by conventional and low protein formulas as compared to breastfeeding.” Acta Paediatr Scand 1990; 79:1137-42

Breastfed babies have less chance of developing Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Updegrove, K “Necrotizing Enteroclolitis: The evidence for use of human milk in prevention and treatment.” J Hum Lact 2004; 20: 335-339
• Drane, D. “Breastfeeding and formula feeding: a preliminary economic analysis” Breastfeed Rev 1997; 5:7-15
• Convert RF, Barman N, Comanico RS, et al. “Prior enteral nutrition with human milk protects against intestinal perforation in infants who develop necrotizing enterocolitis.” Pediatr Res. 1995; 37:305A. Abstract
• Lucas A, Cole TJ. “Breast milk and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.” Lancet. 1990; 336:519-1523

Breastfeeding contributes to optimal child spacing
• Kennedy KI, Visness CM. “Contraceptive efficacy of lactational amenorrhoea.” Lancet. 1992; 339:227-230
• Labbock MH, Colie C. “Puerperium and breast-feeding.” Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 1992; 4:818-825

Formula costs the government (and taxpayers) millions of pounds
• The Burden of Suboptimal Breastfeeding in the United States: A Pediatric Cost Analysis PEDIATRICS (doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1616)
• Riordan, J “The cost of not breastfeeding: a commentary” J Hum Lact 1997; 13(2) 93-97
• http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;115/2/496 - A.A.P. Breastfeeding Policy Statement: Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk Pediatrics Vol. 115 No. 2 February 2005
• http://www.babyfeedinglawgroup.org.uk/resources/whychangelaw.html

Non breastfed babies require more doctor visits
• (Kaiser Permanente: Internal research to determine benefits of sponsoring an official lactation program - 1995)
• British Journal General Practice 2004 Aug: 54(505):598-603

Breast milk always has the right proportions of fat, carbohydrates and protein
• J Am Diet Assoc 2001; 101: 1213

Breastfeeding acts like a natural tranquiliser for mom and protects against maternal abuse
• Does Breastfeeding Protect Against Substantiated Child Abuse and Neglect? A 15-Year Cohort Study
• Pediatrics, Feb 2009; 123: 483 - 493
• The Breastfeeding Book, Copyright 2000, M. Sears, R.N. and Wm. Sears, M.D.. Little Brown and Co.
• Acheston, L, “Family violence and breastfeeding” Arch. Fam. Med. 1995, 4:650-652

Formula fed infants are less healthier over-all
• (Kaiser Permanente: Internal research to determine benefits of sponsoring an official lactation program - 1995)
• Hamosh M. Bioactive factors in human milk. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001;48:69–86.
• Nathavitharana KA, Catty D, McNeish AS. IgA antibodies in human milk: epidemiological markers of previous infections? Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1994;71:F192–F197.

Non breastfed babies are more likely to die before their third birthday
• Pediatrics (2004) American Academy of Pediatrics
• Van Den Bogaard, C. “Relationship Between Breast Feeding in Early Childhood and Morbidity in a general Population.”Fan Med, 1991; 23:510-515

Formula is not environmentally friendly
• “Mother Nature Loves Breastmilk” D. Michels, Pub. various periodicals, available on Internet at http://members.aol.com/diamichels/greenbm.htm

Breastfeeding may lower the risk of developing high cholesterol
• Owen CG et al (2002) “Infant Feeding and Blood Cholesterol: A Study in Adolescents and a Systemic Review” Pediatrics 110: 597-608

Not breastfeeding increases risk of Cardiovascular problems in mum
• Erica Gunderson, Ph.D., epidemiologist and research scientist, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, Calif.; Jacob Warman, M.D., chief of endocrinology, Brooklyn Hospital Center, New York City; Dec. 3, 2009, Diabetes, online

Not breastfeeding increases risk of Postnatal Depression
• Groër MW, Davis MW: Cytokines, infections, stress, and dysphoric moods in breastfeeders and formula feeders. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2006, 35:599-607
• Groër MW, Davis MW, Hemphill J: Postpartum stress: Current concepts and the possible protective role of breastfeeding. J Obstet Gyncol Neonatal Nurs 2002, 31:411-417.
• Bottle feeding simulates child loss: Postpartum depression and evolutionary medicine
• Medical Hypotheses, Volume 74, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 174-176
• Gordon G. Gallup Jr., R. Nathan Pipitone, Kelly J. Carrone and Kevin L. Leadholm

Breast milk aids in the proper development of a baby’s gastrointestinal tract
• The Breastfeeding Book, Copyright 2000, M. Sears, R.N. and Wm. Sears, M.D.. Little Brown and Co.
• http://www.iwantmymum.com/site/articles/exclusive-breastfeeding-virgin-gut/154

Studies show that formula feeding/supplementing mothers get LESS sleep
• www.ibreastfeeding.com/content/newsletter/nighttime-breastfeeding-and-maternal-mental-health

Breastmilk has never been recalled due to manufacturing problems
• Babbit, V, “FDA Recalls Baby Formula, 1998″, Breastfeeding.com, Inc.

No need to worry about which brand is better
• http://www.theecologist.org/investigations/health/268712/suck_on_this.html
• (Quoted from FDA pediatric-nutrition researchers at Abbott Laboratories, writing in March, 1994 issue of Endocrine Regulations.)

Breastfed babies get fewer stomach infections
• Kramer et al “Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial” JAMA 2001; 285: 413-420

Bottle feeding hinders proper dental and jaw development
• The Complete Book Of Breastfeeding M.S. Eiger. MD, S. Wendkos Olds, Copyright 1972, 1987 Comstock, Inc., Workman Publishing Co., Inc., 708 Broadway, New York, NY 10003
• Labbok, M.H. “Does Breastfeeding Protect against Malocclusion? An Analysis of the 1981 Child Health Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey” American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 1987
• Archives of Diseases in Childhood 2004; 89: 1121-1123
• http://www.brianpalmerdds.com/bfing_import.htm

Bottlefed babies have more tooth decay
• Loesche WJ, “Nutrition and dental decay in infants.” Am J Clin Nutr 41; 423-435, 1985

Breastfeeding reduces the amount of money spent on corrective orthodontia
• Leite ICG, et al. Associação entre aleitamento materno e hábitos de sucção não-nutritivos. Revista da Associação Paulista dos Cirurgiões Dentistas 1999;53:151-5
• Paunio P, Rautava P, Sillanpaa M. The Finnish Family Competence Study: the effects of living conditions on sucking habits in 3-year-old Finnish children and the association between these habits and dental occlusion. Acta Odontol Scand 1993;51:23-9.
• Degano MP, Degano RA. Breastfeeding and oral health. A primer for the dental practitioner. NY State Dent J 1993;59:30-2.

Not breastfeeding increases risks of delayed speech development
Neiva et al, J Pediatr (Rio J) 2003;79(1):07-12

Not breastfeeding increases the chance of baby getting eczema
• Kramer, M et al “Promotion of breastfeeding Intervention Trial” JAMA 2001; 285: 413-420
• Saarinen UM, Kajosaari M “Breastfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years of age.” Lancet. 1995; 346:1065-69.

Formula fed infants more likely to spiut up and reflux
• Heacock, H.J. “Influence of Breast vs. Formula Milk in Physiologic Gastroesophageal Reflux in Healthy Newborn Infants” Jour. Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 1992 January; 14(1): 41-6
• “Gastroesophageal reflux and cow’s milk allergy in infants: a prospective study” (Iacono G et al., J Allergy Clin Immunology (1996) 97:3 822-827)

Breastfeeding is better for premature infants
• Eidelman et al, Dev Psychobiol, 2003 Sept; 43(2): 109-19

Lack of breastfeeding associated with multiple sclerosis in later life
• Pisacana A, et al “Breastfeedig and multiple sclerosis” BMJ 1994; 308: 1411-2 (28 May)

Non breastfed infants have more chance of inguinal hernia
• Pisacane, A. “Breast-feeding and inguinal hernia” Journal of Pediatrics 1995: Vol 127, No. 1, pp 109-111

Non breastfed low birth weight babies display reduced cognitive development
• Morley, R., “Mothers Choice to provide Breast Milk and Developmental Outcome”. Arch Dis Child, 1988

Breastfed babies display better social development
• Baumgartner, C.,”Psychomotor and Social Development of Breast Fed and Bottle Fed babies During their First year of Life”. Acta Paediatrica Hungarica, 1984

Non breastfed infants have increased risk of urinary tract infections
• Pisacane A, et al “Breastfeeding and Urinary Tract Infection” J Pediatr 1992 120: 87-89

Not breastfeeding delays hand-to-eye coordination
• Baumgartner, C., “Psychomotor and Social Development of Breast Fed and Bottle Fed babies During their First year of Life”. Acta Paediatrica Hungarica 1984; 25(4): 409-17

Breastfeeding mothers spend less money on menstrual supplies
• http://members.aol.com/diamichels/greenbm.htm - “Mother Nature Loves Breastmilk” D. Michels, Pub various periodicals.

Breast milk may help combat eye infections
• J Trop Pediatr. 1996 Dec;42(6):327-9.
• J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Jul;38(2):155-67.
• J Trop Pediatr. 2007 Feb;53(1):68-9.

Not breastfeeding may increase blood pressure in Childhood
• Martin RM et al (2004). “Does Breast-Feeding in Infancy Lower Blood Pressure in Childhood?” The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Circulation 109
• Martin RM et al (2005). “Breastfeeding in Infancy and Blood Pressure in Later Life: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.” American Journal of Epidemiology 2005 161 (1): 15-26

No worry about latest ingredient discovered to be missing from formula
• M. Walker, R.N., International Board Certified Lactation Consultant, The Journal Of Human Lactation, Sept 1993

Not breastfeeding increases risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mother
• Arthritis Rheum 50: 3458-67

Not breastfeeding increases infant’s blood pressure
• Archives of Disease in Childhood 2005;90:582-588

Not breastfeeding increases risks of atherosclerosis
• Martin RM et al (2005). Breastfeeding and Atherosclerosis: Intima-Media Thickness and Plaques at 65-Year Follow-Up of the Boyd Orr Cohort. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biolog 25:1482.

Breastfeeding may protect against schizophrenia
• Sørensen HJ et al (2005). Breastfeeding and risk of schizophrenia in the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005: 1-4.

Not breastfeeding increases risk of gluten intolerance (coeliac disease)
• Archives of Disease in Childhood 2006.

Not breastfeeding increases mum’s risk of diabetes
• Vol. 294 No. 20, November 23/30, 2005, Duration of Lactation and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes, JAMA. 2005;294:2601-2610.

Breast feeding wards off bed-wetting
• Breastfeeding During Infancy May Protect Against Bed-wetting During Childhood
Joseph G. Barone, Ranjith Ramasamy, Andrew Farkas, Emanuel Lerner, Eileen Creenan, Dawn Salmon, Jessica Tranchell, and Dona Schneider. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 254-259

Not breastfeeding increases hospital admissions
• Paricio Talayero J, Lizan-Garcia M, et al. Full breastfeeding and hospitalization as a result of infections in the first year of life. Pediatrics 2006; 118 (1): e92-e99

Not breastfeeding may increase Autism risks
• Stephen T Schultz , Hillary S Klonoff-Cohen , Deborah L Wingard , Natacha A Akshoomoff , Caroline A Macera , Ming Ji and Christopher Bacher. International Breastfeeding Journal 2006, 1:16 doi:10.1186/1746-4358-1-16

Not breastfeeding increases the likelyhood of mental health problems
• SOURCE: The Journal of Pediatrics, online December 14, 2009.
• ScienceDaily (Oct. 28, 2006)

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding
• http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;115/2/496 - A.A.P. Breastfeeding Policy Statement: Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk Pediatrics Vol. 115 No. 2 February 2005

The American Dietetic Association promotes breastfeeding
• http://www.eatright.org/Public/NutritionInformation/92_8236.cfm - ADA Website